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Rexford had a point. The Gwich’in aren’t the only people with a direct stake in the fate of the calving grounds. On Alaska’s north coast, the Inupiat people also harvest the Porcupine caribou on their annual migrations. And with their greater proximity to the oil itself, they’re the ones most likely to bear the brunt, or reap the rewards, of oil and gas development. One Inupiat village, Kaktovik, lies right on the edge of the 1002 area. Buy it:  Funny The Vice President Is My Sorority Sister Kamala Harris 2020 Shirt

As ANWR debates occur, the views of the Iñupiat who call the area home are oftentimes left out. The wishes of the people who live in and around the refuge’s coastal plain frequently are drowned out by people who live hundreds — even thousands — of miles away, many of whom have never bothered to set foot anywhere near the Arctic. Buy it:  Awesome I Hate People But I Love My Washington Redskins Grinch Shirt

Alaskans and the oil and gas industry have fought unsuccessfully to open the 1002 area to drilling, which literally requires an act of Congress. At the same time, Lower 48 lawmakers, special interest groups across the country, folks and organizations around the world have waged war on the idea, citing the disruption of wildlife and the pristine Arctic environment. Buy it:  Cool Merry Quarantine Christmas 2020 Xmas Pajamas Holidays Gift Shirt

And while southern environmentalists, across the decades, have framed the fight as a question of pristine wilderness vs. human interference, pro-drilling Alaskans have made it a story about meddling southern activists versus northern communities in dire need of jobs and economic options.In October 2017, the president of the Kaktovik Inupiat Corporation, Matthew Rexford, wrote an opinion piece for the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner about the prospect of drilling in ANWR. Buy it:  Funny Grinch I Hat People But I Love My Redskins Shirt

 It’s not quite that simple, of course. In Kaktovik, the closest community to the calving grounds, I found opinion about the issue to be roughly split down the middle. But the North Slope leadership has been vocal in its support of drilling.  Buy it:  Original If You Don’t Talk To Your Kids About Lutefisk Who Will Dolphin Shirt

Here’s a generalization: While the Gwich’in, south of the calving grounds, have consistently spoken up against drilling in the calving grounds, the loudest voices from the Inupiat, who live along the northern edge of the coastal plain, have tended to support the idea of oil and gas development. Buy it:  Hot 2020 Premier Noel Avec Mon Nouveau Mari Canon Ugly Christmas Shirt

The Gwich’in aren’t giving up yet. “We do have a power as a people,” James told me, “and I think we can stop it, or stall.” The hope is to stave off drilling at least until 2020, when a friendlier administration might win the next election. “Give us more time!” James added. “And maybe there might be changes. That’s what I’m hoping for.” Buy it:  Awesome Baltimore Orioles Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

After 2005, things quieted down some. When President Obama was elected in 2008, the Democrats took the Senate and the House as well. Notwithstanding Republicans’ call to “drill, baby, drill,” there was no legislative path forward for the pro-development side.(During the 2005 skirmishes, Ben & Jerry’s produced a 900-pound Baked Alaska and had it carried on a litter of plywood and two-by-fours to Capitol Hill. “This is not going to last very long,” one of the company’s “flavor gurus” announced to a small crowd of protesters. “Just like the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, if you drill up there.”) Buy it:  Funny Be Strong When You Are Weak Be Brave When Scared Shirt

 The federal government shutdown in early 2019 delayed the commenting and review process for activity in the refuge, meaning that seismic exploration work originally planned for this winter will be held off a year. But the Bureau of Land Management still plans to hold ANWR’s first ever lease sale later this year. Buy it:  Funny Poppy Knows Everything And If He Doesn’t Know He Makes Stuff Up Really Fast Shirt

Early in 2015, Obama recommended that Congress designate the coastal plain, and other non-wilderness areas of ANWR, as wilderness. But that never happened, and as his term wound down, and the 2016 election loomed, people on both sides of the debate wondered if he would exercise his power to declare the area a national monument. He did not. Then came the 2016 election and the 2017 tax bill. Buy it:  Pretty Carolina Panthers Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

(During the 2005 skirmishes, Ben & Jerry’s produced a 900-pound Baked Alaska and had it carried on a litter of plywood and two-by-fours to Capitol Hill. “This is not going to last very long,” one of the company’s “flavor gurus” announced to a small crowd of protesters. “Just like the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, if you drill up there.”) Buy it:  Awesome Be Strong Be Brave Be Humble Be Badass When You Are Weak When You Are Scared Shirt

Meanwhile, with every bill and every counter-campaign, the Arctic Refuge grew in public stature and was mythologized in the American consciousness. It had become a symbol, a talisman, to both sides. The fight over the refuge drew in not only all the major conservation groups — the Sierra Club, the Wilderness League, the World Wildlife Fund, and so on — but also an array of celebrities and mainstream brands.  Buy it:  Pretty Charlotte Hornets Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

In 2005, the issue came to a head again. In the Republican-led Congress, two different energy bills contained provisions that would have essentially opened the 1002 to drilling. Both were defeated by coalitions of Democrats and moderate Republicans. A third bill, one that targeted Pentagon spending, also included a drilling provision, but that provision was yanked after a successful filibuster. Buy it:  Cool All I Want For Christmas Is Cocktail Ugly Shirt

In the Lower 48, editorials supporting the preservation of the refuge, at least for the time being, popped up like morel mushrooms after a forest fire. “Until it is necessary to drill in the Arctic Wildlife Refuge, it is clearly necessary not to,” went the slightly ambivalent line in the Philadelphia Enquirer.  Buy it:  Pretty You’re Fired Joe Biden Kamala Harris Vice President 46 2020 Shirt

Vying with images of oil-slicked seals and birds, the Senate subcommittee bill withered. So did another, in 1991, the Johnston-Wallop National Energy Security Act. In 1995, yet another attempt made it through the House and the Senate before running headlong into President Clinton’s veto. There were more legislative skirmishes in 2002, and each time, the ban on oil exploration in the calving grounds held. The 1002 area remained in limbo. Buy it:  Funny Joe Biden Is Not My President Flag Usa Election Vintage Shirt

The Dallas Times Herald was more forceful: “It would be wrong to destroy about 1.5 million acres of natural habitat for no valid reason.” The Boston Globe called the energy security argument “a decoy,” and argued that, “on balance, the evidence suggests that risking ecological damage to the wildlife refuge is not justified.” Buy it: Funny Clean Up On Aisle 45 Trump Slogan Quote Shirt

It wasn’t long after the 1988 gathering that the Gwich’in had faced their first challenge. In March 1989, a bill to allow leasing across nearly a quarter of the 1002 area had passed a Senate subcommittee. But then, eight days later, the tanker Exxon Valdez tore itself open in Alaska’s Prince William Sound, spilling millions of gallons of crude oil. Suddenly, even for some of the pro-drilling politicians in Washington, the calculus changed. Buy it:  Pretty Trump Remember Lower Your Truck Flags To Half Mast Shirt

 That provision was widely regarded as securing the vote of Alaska Senator Lisa Murkowski, whose support of the tax bill had not been assured. Nearly 40 years after the 1002 loophole was created, and after 30 years of successful lobbying and resistance by the Gwich’in, ANWR was formally open to oil development. It had been a long fight. Buy it:  Funny Sloth U Ok Hun Sloth Lovers Shirt

On December 22, 2017, President Donald Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act into law. The complex bill had only narrowly made it through the Senate, by a final vote of 51–48, and while it contained an array of changes to the tax code, it also contained something else: a provision to explore drilling possibilities on the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Buy it:  Hot Horse If I’m Not Going To The Hospital I’m Getting Back On Shirt

Tritt was angry — not at me, exactly, but at everything I represented, everything that people like me had done to people like him. He gestured with his hands as he talked, his long fingers curling into fists. He remembered when things were different, he said. When everyone spoke Gwich’in, when the children were strong and disciplined and knew their culture like a second skin. That changed, he said, “because in the 1950s, their parents and grandparents were told to know their place.” They were abused in the government schools. They were punished if they spoke their language. Buy it:  Hot Atlanta Hawks Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

On December 22, 2017, President Donald Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act into law. The complex bill had only narrowly made it through the Senate, by a final vote of 51–48, and while it contained an array of changes to the tax code, it also contained something else: a provision to explore drilling possibilities on the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Buy it:  Awesome Merry Quarantine Christmas 2020 Xmas Pajamas Holidays Gift Shirt

Tritt was angry — not at me, exactly, but at everything I represented, everything that people like me had done to people like him. He gestured with his hands as he talked, his long fingers curling into fists. He remembered when things were different, he said. When everyone spoke Gwich’in, when the children were strong and disciplined and knew their culture like a second skin. That changed, he said, “because in the 1950s, their parents and grandparents were told to know their place.” They were abused in the government schools. They were punished if they spoke their language. Buy it:  Awesome The Vice President Is My Sorority Sister Kamala Harris 2020 Shirt

The living room was dim, the thin sun of a cloudy afternoon filtering through the windows. I sat on a couch next to Calvin Tritt. He was an older, white-haired man, nearly 70. Above me on the wall, the words GWICH’IN NATION were painted in large letters. Buy it:  Awesome I Hate People But I Love My Washington Redskins Grinch Shirt

As the gathering wound down, an elder offered a prayer in Gwich’in. “Heavenly father,” he said, “have mercy on me. I pray for my friends, I ask for food. … You made the earth and sky and everything on it. You have made these, so we can use them. But for me now, it is hard for me to live as I used to. This is why I am asking for your help. Have mercy on me, if it is your will. Help us. With your loving kindness, help us all.” Buy it:  Top Merry Quarantine Christmas 2020 Xmas Pajamas Holidays Gift Shirt

The resolution was unanimously approved. (It has been re-ratified every two years at the gatherings held ever since.) The Gwich’in had committed themselves to a long, hard fight, and they knew it. Outside the community hall, down by the brown, fast-flowing Chandalar River, an older man offered a pragmatic view of their chances to a documentary filmmaker. “If all the Gwich’in unite and work together, things may change for the better,” he said. “Forty to fifty years from now.” Buy it:  Awesome If You Don’t Talk To Your Kids About Lutefisk Who Will Dolphin Shirt

The health and productivity of the Porcupine Caribou Herd, and their availability to Gwich’in communities, and the very future of our People are endangered by proposed oil and gas exploration and development in their calving and post-calving grounds in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge… Buy it:  Original 2020 Premier Noel Avec Mon Nouveau Mari Canon Ugly Christmas Shirt

The Gwich’in have the inherent right to continue our own way of life; and that this right is recognized and affirmed by civilized nations in the international covenants on human rights. Article 1 of the International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights, ratified by the U.S. Senate, reads in part: “…In no case may a People be deprived of their own means of subsistence”; Buy it:  Funny Baltimore Orioles Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

WHEREAS: For thousands of years, the Gwich’in People of northeast Alaska and northwest Canada, have relied on caribou for food, clothing, shelter, tools and life itself, and today the Porcupine (River) Caribou Herd remains essential to meet the nutritional, cultural and spiritual needs of our People; Buy it:  Pretty Poppy Knows Everything And If He Doesn’t Know He Makes Stuff Up Really Fast Shirt

The Gwich’in were sufficiently alarmed to call the gathering, and the event was galvanizing. It was, James told me 30 years later, “like a rebirth of the nation.” After the hugs and the tears, the dancing and the songs, after all the speeches, the chiefs of the 14 Gwich’in villages sequestered themselves to draft a resolution. It reads: Buy it:  Awesome Dogs And Fishing Make Me Happy Humans Make My Head Hurt Shirt

 Starting in 1985, a group led by Chevron had drilled an exploratory well on the coastal plain, delving more than 15,000 feet below the tundra, before capping the pipe. The results of the test were never announced. (A recent New York Times investigation suggests the test well was not promising.) Nevertheless, a 1987 Department of the Interior report recommended that Congress clear the way for potential drilling in the 1002 area. Buy it:  Funny Carolina Panthers Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

The establishment of the Arctic Refuge eight years earlier hadn’t settled the question of development in the region. Instead, the designation of the 1002 Area had left the door open to oil and gas exploration on the Porcupine caribou’s calving grounds. In the mid-1980s, seismic surveyors had attempted to map the area’s subsurface faults and folds to glean its geological secrets. Buy it:  Original Be Strong When You Are Weak Be Brave When Scared Shirt

Relatives and old friends who’d been separated for decades by an international boundary they’d never agreed to were reunited. People two-stepped and sang hymns and danced and drummed, hide tassels on their clothes swinging. They gave speeches into the microphone about the importance of saving their language, and about the impact of alcohol on their communities. Buy it:  Awesome Be Strong Be Brave Be Humble Be Badass When You Are Weak When You Are Scared Shirt

It was June 1988, and Arctic Village was hosting the first Gwich’in gathering of the modern era. People had come in from all over: from Old Crow, in the Yukon, and from the villages of the Mackenzie Delta, in the Northwest Territories. From Venetie, just a short hop away, and from Fairbanks, far further south. Boats and small planes had brought them, motoring the murky river or bouncing down on the gravel airstrip up the hill from the village. Buy it:  Pretty Christmas Is Among Us Ugly Shirt

By the time I arrived, around 9 the next night, most of the work was done. A hide was tacked up, skin side out, on the wall of the house to dry. Three bloody, skinned heads — dark eyes and fuzzy noses still intact, the rest all white muscle and bone — sat on bloody cardboard mats laid down on top of the outdoor tables where the finer work, the cutting and skinning, had been done. The smoker, a homemade structure on the property, was filled with deep-red cuts of meat, the slabs of ribs and backstraps, and lacy skeins of white fat, all hanging in the hazy darkness. Buy it:  Funny Imagine All The People Living Life In Peace American Flag Shirt

The antlers, used in the old days to make everything from arrow points to cutlery, were less needed now, in the age of stainless steel and cheap plastic. They hung above lintels or were stacked in front yards all over Arctic Village, silently testifying to the bond between the caribou and the Gwich’in. Buy it:  Awesome Grinch I Hat People But I Love My Redskins Shirt

Virtually every part of the dead caribou would be put to work. The heads would be boiled or roasted, the meat stewed or boiled or fried or salted and dried. The hides would be stretched and dried for use as is, or tanned to make into clothing. Even the hooves, boiled to extract a thin gelatin in hungry times, would at least be saved to make into traditional rattles. Buy it: Cool Buffalo Sabres Funny Santa Claus Dabbing Christmas 2020 Shirt

They quartered the bodies and removed the meaty domes of the ribs. With the first pass at the butchering done, everything was wrapped in tarps for the ride home, the carcasses packed for the ride back to the village on ATVs. They bumped down the mountains and into the river valley under the long, dim twilight of a late-summer Arctic night, and turned in. Early the next morning, the women of the household got up to begin their part of the job. Buy it:  Awesome The Grinch Buffalo Bills Shit On Toilet New England Patriots Christma s Shirt

Late on the evening of my second day there, a veteran local hunter and his granddaughter’s boyfriend shot four caribou outside of town. After the kills, they severed each animal’s head and bled the carcasses, then, after removing the skinny lower legs and hooves, carefully slit open the body cavities with practiced hands. They pulled out the animals’ stomachs and guts, then again, with careful, confident knife strokes, they skinned the caribou, separating hide from muscle and bone.  Buy it:  Top Hei Hei Today’s Advice Don’t Be A Peckerhead Shirt

After hitchhiking from the airstrip into town on a stranger’s ATV, I pitched a tent behind Sarah James’s house. James, 74, has spent decades working to preserve the calving grounds and is the point of contact for a lot of the outsiders who pass through Arctic Village wanting to know more about ANWR. She welcomed me into her home with tea, pilot bread, and stories. Like everyone else that I met in the village, she kept an eye out the window facing the mountain that would bring the caribou each year, waiting, binoculars at hand. Buy it:  Funny Nurse Santa Claus Merry Christmas Snow Shirt

 It’s a place that literally depends on the wilderness that surrounds it: Hunting and fishing is a critical source of food here. The small store on the corner of the village’s main intersection is thinly stocked with non-perishables that go for alarmingly high prices. (During my visit, a can of green beans was going for $4.30. A box of Ziplocs? $35!) With everything flown in by small plane, and flights often canceled by weather, fresh food is a rarity. Buy it:  Original The Grinch Buffalo Bills Shit On Toilet New England Patriots Christ mas Shirt

The entire rest of the plot is completely dependent on the fact that they get fucked by this stop as the ship now has low fuel from orbiting the planet for like 15 years while the others were down there. So the entire movie rests on the idea that a group of the world's best physicists who had already identified and discussed the time distortion of the planet didn't connect that to the fact that the "12 years of good signals" actually means less than an hour of good signals because of that very time dilation. Buy it:  Awesome Stolen Rigged Fraud Election 2020 Shirt

After they land, they have this massive realization that it's just a bunch of shallow water with massive tidal waves every hour or so, and the astronaut they sent there 12 years ago actually just landed like 30 mins ago in her time because of the time distortion, and is dead. Then they are like "oh doh we've been getting positive signals for 12 years because for her it's only been 30 mins and she hadn't been hit by a wave and killed yet - this planet is bad".EDIT 2: I can't respond to all the replies individually but I agree that the movie has a lot of scientific inaccuracies that are potential plot holes. However, I can suspend my disbelief about those when watching a sci-fi movie like this. The reason I pointed out this specific plot hole is that it's a logical problem within the "rules" of the movie. Buy it:  Nice Best Beagle Dad Ever Vintage Shirt

Before going down, the scientists discuss how risky this is, as even if they go down to get the earlier astronaut and check the planet out for habitability, years will pass on earth while they're down there, and earth is running out of time. They are experts in this and they fully understand the time distortion on this planet caused by the black hole it orbits. HOWEVER, they decide to go anyways because the astronaut that went there to check it out has been sending positive signals about he environment and habitability of the planet for something like 12 years. So OMG we have to go if it's so good that she's been there that long and everything is good. Their only concern is about the amount of time that will pass on earth... Buy it:  Pretty Schitt’s Crek Best Wishes Warmest Regards Ugly Christmas Shirt

In episode 2F09, when Itchy plays Scratchy's skeleton like a xylophone, he strikes the same rib in succession yet he produces two clearly different tones. I mean, what are we to believe, that this is a magic xylophone or something? Boy, I really hope somebody got fired for that blunder... "Thanos' skin is almost impenetrable, we don't know whether Doctor Strange had the capability to do it," Russo said. "If he failed to cut it on time, Thanos would still able to do the snap. Doctor Strange realized this issue during his millions of test runs." Buy it:  Top Biden Steals 2020 Elections Shirt

Legends aside, you could conceivably attribute their poor design to hubris and the Imperial philosophy. Why build something practical when you can mass produce something that is going to do an OK job but have devastating impact psychologically. Lets face it, the AT-AT has a pretty intimidating silhouette. Similar to the TIE fighter, they weren't well designed, and they were expendable, but deployed in large numbers, they were pretty difficult to stop. Buy it:  Awesome Pink Floyd The Child Is Grown The Dream Is Gone And I Have Become Comfortably Numb Shirt

There is an explanation for this which is no longer canon as of the Disney acquisition: when the walkers are first being designed a test pilot points out this flaw, but his superior is afraid of being made to look bad, so the pilot is reassigned to be a stormtrooper (who later goes on to be the guy who says, "Look sir, droids!" in the first movie) and the flaw is ignored. AT-ATs only have a 60 degree firing radius on their front, so at the Battle of Hoth why did the rebels attack them with their snowspeeders from their front? Flank those bitches! Buy it:  Pretty Daddy You Are As Strong As Wood As Daring As Han Solo As Wise As Yo As Brave As Skywalker You Are The Best Father Shirt

In T2 theres a deleted scene where the T800 says that when Skynet sends a unit out on its own their CPU is set to read only, specifically so they don't become self aware and turn on Skynet. Every Terminator also has limited knowledge on the capabilities of other Terminator units, so in case one does go rogue it can't as easily dispatch other units sent out to kill it. IIRC the Terminatrix was one of the only units made almost specifically to kill other Terminators Also, the terminators didn't really have true AI, did they? Because Skynet was worried that if it created another sentient artificial intelligence, that AI would do to Skynet what Skynet did to the humans. Buy it:  Awesome Pinocchio I Will Not Get Another Pair Ever Shirt

TOS states warp is a multiple of the speed of light (one of the newer shows states it as a power of the speed of light which doesn’t really fix this rather makes it less egregious) the nearest star to us is in the alpha Centauri system , Proxima Centauri, which is 4.25 light years away. That’s approximately 6 months away at warp 9 as tos defined it. In reality at 9 times the speed of light there are only about 9 stars within a years travel. Assuming it takes just as long to get back as to journey forth, that only puts 53 total stars within a 5 year mission. Buy it:  Pretty Bourbon Let’s Have An Old Fashioned Christmas Shirt

I think they explained it in the tie in comic. You wouldn't want Khan running around looking like Khan. Someone might say "Why does that guy look like one of Earth's old dictators?" I was more annoyed by the fact the when he admitted who he was, they never heard of him. Wouldn't they know that from history class? Or do Federation schools only start history from First Contact day? Buy it:  Original And I’ll Tell You For Why It’s Christmas Shirt

I thought that myself when I first saw the movie. But then I guessed that perhaps not all enhanced have exactly the same enhancements, so they wouldn't know for sure that any of the others would have that same mojo unless they tested them but with Khan they already knew he had that good stuff. Haven't rewatched the movie since that one time so I don't remember if anything in the film makes my theory impossible. Those are respectively the best of their trilogy and the worst for me. It's worth noting that JJ Abrams didn't write or direct Beyond, he only produced it. Simon Pegg co-wrote the script, and Justin Lin directed it. Buy it:  Pretty I Don’t Always Play Video Games Sometimes I Eat And Sleep And Once I Even Left My Room Shirt